Identify!!!!!

When we look our object, please ask your self these questions :
1. What is it ?
If we recognize what is the object, at least we knew its function...
2. Why is it important
knowing the reason why the object now in museum
3. What is it made of ?
Is it organic or inorganic materials or maybe mix of them ?

Organic materials are made from once living things. From plants and animals. They include wood, plant fibers, other plant materials, paper, textiles, threads, yarns, basketry, leather, parchment, hair, bone, horn, ivory, claws, gums, some resins, and plastics.

Inorganic materials are derived from minerals. Inorganic materials include ceramics, glass, metals, and stone.

4. How was it made ?
It has relationship with technology, how to make the object. Sometimes it's dificult, especially if the technology is no longer used today. However, this understanding will explain many of the characteristics and qualities of your object.

5. What is wrong with it ?
You can say what wrong in the object after you see something change in your object. For that reason, maybe you see phisically and it different with data condition that you already have.

6. What caused the damage ?
Since we knew already how its made, if condition change.., its because from the origin (result of manufacture) or because of deterioration. Many objects in Museum get damage because deterioration.

7. What could a conservator do to preserve and conserve ?
when dealing with the objects, must be considering at first time is structural issues. Is the item broken? Are there missing parts? Is the structure loose? Structural problems should be investigated and described first because they potentially impact the survival of the entire piece.

After the structural condition of a piece is determined, a conservator will look to more surface, aesthetic, or cosmetic elements of the object such as paint layers, finish, dirt, and other disfigurement. The distinction between structural and cosmetic condition issues is important and is one of the ways to distinguish the work of conservators from that of restorers.

iy

(from http://www.netnebraska.org/extras/treasures/identify.htm )

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The Museum Conservation in developing contries

The main problem to conduct the museum conservation in developing contries are almost the same: Financial problem or low economic performance.


This is the main cause of the problem. The limited of money influence the activities of this job.


Firstly,
Almost of all museum in the developing countries have a less employee or conservator. So there are many job couldn't be finished yet.

Secondly,
the skill of conservator is limited. Or skill and education is not enough to run the conservation activities properly.

Third. Because the limited financial, the government do not choose the culture heritage as the priority. So the attention of government is not enough.

Fourth.
The awareness of conservator is not enough. So, the activities of conservation is not efficient.

Fifth
The paradigm of conservation in developing countries is how to cure (It is called as curative conservation) , not how to prevent ( It is called as preventive conservation)
It is means that the management of conservation is fell behind the developed countries, and not so effective and efficient. This paradigm include non-environmental friendly, because the application of some harmful and poison chemicals. So the museum conservation in developing countries is very dangerous job.

Sixth
Because the almost of all developing countries is placed in tropical area, so the climate should be consider. Especially about humidity and high temperature that can make lack the collections. So thats why the collection in developing countries is easily to deterioration.

Because of the above problem, The world ( not only developing countries) should thinking about this. and solve this problem. The collaboration, the training, the discussion from developed countries should conducted as the priority to solve this problem.

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Photograph : from negative to positive to negative (not digital process)

At this moment, We talk about photograph making process from negative to positive, especially Black and White photograph. Theoretically, this is a chemical process between silver salt on film with light. There are many web described about this as below,
1. http://www.cheresources.com/photochem.shtml
2. http://wwwchem.csustan.edu/chem2500/labs/photolab.htm
3. http://www.wellesley.edu/Chemistry/Chem&Art/Topics/Photography/photography.html
4. http://www.wellesley.edu/Chemistry/Chem&Art/Topics/Photography/photo_processes.pdf

Kali ini akan diceritakan proses fotografi dari negatif - ke positif, khususnya foto hitamputih.
Sebenarnya secara teori, proses yang terjadi adalah proses kimia antara garam silver (perak) pada film dengan cahaya. Proses yang terjadi, sudah banyak yang mengulas, karena ini kimia fotografi ( chemistry of photography) yang dapat dilihat antara lain pada website berikut ini :

1. http://www.cheresources.com/photochem.shtml
2. http://wwwchem.csustan.edu/chem2500/labs/photolab.htm
3. http://www.wellesley.edu/Chemistry/Chem&Art/Topics/Photography/photography.html

dan ada yang dalam bentuk pdf, dapat di download di http://www.wellesley.edu/Chemistry/Chem&Art/Topics/Photography/photo_processes.pdf


The understanding of negative and positive photograph is only indicate the direction.
When we take a picture by camera which contain emulsifier film, So the result will be on opposite direction; top to be bottom and left to be right.
The change of colour was happened because the reaction of light to silver salt on emulsion film that are sensitive. So silver salt change to silver particles.
The process from real object to negatives describes below:
1. Take the photo of White shirt clown with background green trees.
2. The negatives will be black shirt clown and background white trees.
3. And the direction changes opposite. left to be right, up to be down

And for process to positive is the same process.
So, the positive photo have the same direct with real object. And So the colour


Sebenarnya istilah positif negatif foto hanya menunjukkan sisi dari sebaliknya .
Saat terjadi pengambilan foto oleh kamera ( yang didalamya sudah ada film yang mengandung emulsi ), maka yang tadinya diatas, jadi dibawah, yang kanan jadi ke kiri,.. dan yang warnanya hitam jadi putih..
Perubahan warna itu adalah karena adanya reaksi cahaya dengan lapisan silver pada emulsi fim yang sangat sensitif terhadap cahaya. di sini ada proses perubahan garam-garam perak menjadi partikel perak pada lapisan emulsi.
Proses dari real objek menjadi negatif secara sederhana dpt digambarkan sbb:
1. Misalkan badut baju putih difoto dengan latar belakang pohon-pohon hijau
2. Foto negatif yang kita peroleh, badut jadi hitam, pohon2 jadi putih...

3. yg diatas, jd di bawah, yg kiri jadi di kanan



dan begitu juga.., saat merubah dari negatif ke positif..

dengan reaksi yang hampir mirip, makanya produk akhir yang diperoleh akan sama dengan kondisi sebenarnya saat difoto

Picture from :

http://www.jgsinc.org/images_mv/100018.jpg

akan lebih jelas nanti saat membahas saat 2 awal adanya fotografi.

mudahmudahan pada posting berikutnya.

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Basic element of photograph

There are three element of photograph

1. material support : paper, glass and polimer
2. Binding media : albumen, collodion, gelatin
3. Image layer : silver salt ( AgCl, AgBr and AgI )


Secara umum foto (negatif dan positif) terdiri atas 3 bagian yaitu :

1. material support --> kertas, kaca, plastik
2. binding media --> albumen, collodion, gelatin
3. lapisan image --> garam perak (AgCl, AgBr, AgI)

So, if we will run the conservation, we have to consider that three above material.

If the positive photo was printed in paper. We have to think not only paper, but also picture formed.

The important thing is How to do for avoid picture quality loss. Because the memory valuable of this picture. So. It is very interesting

Oleh karena itu, ketika mau melakukan perawatan atau konservasi koleksi foto, ketiga hal tersebut yang harus diperhatikan.

Andaikan foto tersebut foto positif yang tercetak di kertas, maka yang difikirkan bukan kertasnya saja, tapi juga gambar yang terbentuk. Atau bukan hanya gambarnya saja, tp juga difikirkan kertasnya juga

Inti dalam konservasi foto adalah, bagaimana kita tidak kehilangan gambar yang ada karena , hanya gambar itu yg menjadi bukti bahwa pada masa itu telah terjadi peristiwa ini.., Dan juga dapat merupakan memori dari peristiwa penting.Karena pada masa lampau foto merupakan bahan yang mahal dan langka.

Maka dari itu...

proses konservasi foto pun merupakan hal yang unik dan mengasyikkan...

jika kita tahu caranya.. (believe me)

iy

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history of photography

If you want to know much about the history of Photograph, you can see in page below.
This link is didactic museum of hermann krone. You will understand about the chronology of this subject

http://www.knaw.nl/ecpa/sepia/exhibition/iapp/Index2.htm

1. cyanotype (1836 - 1839)
2. paper negative (1842-1852)
3. daguerreotypes 1843 - 1851
4. wet collodion 1853
   
5. Iodised collodion 1853
6. dry methods 1855
7. collodion 1856 - 1858
8. ------------------------------etc

saat bingung.., mau nulis sejarah foto mulai darimana, ketemu link ke didactic museum of hermann krone, yang pamerannya menceritakan perkembangan fotografi...

bisa dilihat di.
http://www.knaw.nl/ecpa/sepia/exhibition/iapp/Index2.htm

kronologi

1. cyanotype (1836 - 1839)
2. paper negative (1842-1852)
3. daguerreotypes 1843 - 1851
4. wet collodion 1853
   
5. Iodised collodion 1853
6. dry methods 1855
7. collodion 1856 - 1858
8. ------------------------------dst

lengkapnya bisa dilihat di website tersebut

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Photograph collection conservation

Start from today, We learn about photograph collection conservation and related, include the history of this subject
Thanks God, I've the chances to learn this in netherlands foto museum Rotterdam, within 2 months
My specialization is in negative photograph
If you have any comment or suggest , you can share with me

Best wishes


mulai hari ini dan seterusnya, blog ini akan diisi dengan hal yang berbau foto dan konservasinya.., termasuk akan di bahas sejarah fotografi..

mau gak mau..
why...?
karena sejak awal Juni, saya dan Iwan Marpaung sedang mengikuti program internship di museum foto netherlands (NFM) Rotterdam.
Bisa dilihat di www.nederlandsfotomuseum.nl
Program ini akan berjalan kurang lebih 2 bulan.
Kami di sini mempelajari mengenai sejarah foto, jenis foto dan teknik melakukan konservasi.
Pada awalnya materi yang diberikan umum, dan dapat diterapkan ke semua jenis foto dan koleksi, namun pada akhirnya kami harus memilih subjek sebagai tugas akhir yang harus dipresentasikan.....
dan saya memilih glass negative sedang Iwan memilih abklats.
Mudah-mudahan apa yang kami lakukan ini akan berguna untuk teman-teman di Indonesia

Salam

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link for paper conservation

This week I learn much about paper conservation.
You can read more about this subject below :

1. http://www.nps.gov/history/museum/publications/MHI/Appendix%20J.pdf
2. http://www.nps.gov/history/museum/publications/conserveogram/13-02.pdf ( ConserveO Gram 13/1 - 13 / 4)
3. Conserve O Gram 19/1 - 19/7
4. Recollections

Of course you can search more from google search at the top of this web page
It is very interesting learn about this subject



Untuk minggu ini, materinya adalah konservasi kertas.
Bahan -bahan dapat di upload dan di baca dari :

1. http://www.nps.gov/history/museum/publications/MHI/Appendix%20J.pdf
2. http://www.nps.gov/history/museum/publications/conserveogram/13-02.pdf ( ConserveO Gram 13/1 - 13 / 4)
3. Conserve O Gram 19/1 - 19/7
4. Recollections

Dan masih banyak lagi , bisa ditelusuri web nya
Lalu, gimana cara nyari yang mudah....
Di halaman ini, ada google search. Tulis kata kunci yang diinginkan lalu klik.....

Mudah kan...

Selamat surfing dan mencari bahan yang diperlukan


Salam

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TEXTILE CONSERVATION

This is the interesting lesson about textile conservation (in pdf format ), as you can see below

http://www.scribd.com/doc/2880587/konservtekstil

Salah satu matakuliah yang diajarkan dalam konservasi adalah konservasi tekstil.
File dalam bentuk pdf dapat dilihat pada :

http://www.scribd.com/doc/2880587/konservtekstil

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Preservation Calculator

This morning, I found the preservation calculator at
http://www.imagepermanenceinstitute.org/shtml_sub/dl_prescalc.asp/


It's very useful for us.

Preservation Calculator is a planning and analysis tool for collection storage environments in libraries, archives, and museums. Use it to:

• learn how temperature and RH affect organic objects in storage
• evaluate a given storage condition
• compare one storage condition to another
• plan new storage conditions

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Textile Conservation

Tema ngajar minggu ini adalah mengenai konservasi tekstil

Bahan-bahan yang bisa di download mengenai konservasi tekstil antara lain :

1. Museum Handbook , dari National Park Service http://www.nps.gov/history/museum/publications/MHI/Appendix%20K.pdf


2. the Nautical Archaeology Program, Texas A&M University. Copyright 2000 by Donny L. Hamilton, Conservation Research Laboratory, Texas A&M University. http://nautarch.tamu.edu/class/anth605/File8.htm

3. Beberapa artikel dari conserve-O- gram
http://www.nps.gov/history/museum/publications/conserveogram/03-04.pdf
http://www.nps.gov/history/museum/publications/conserveogram/16-01.pdf
http://www.nps.gov/history/museum/publications/conserveogram/16-02.pdf
http://www.nps.gov/history/museum/publications/conserveogram/16-03.pdf
http://www.nps.gov/history/museum/publications/conserveogram/16-04.pdf

4. for framing textile
http://www.mnhs.org/preserve/conservation/reports/displaytextiles.pdf
http://www.mnhs.org/preserve/conservation/reports/textileframing.pdf

5. Checklist
http://www.mnhs.org/people/mngg/stories/textiles.htm

6. How to conserve and store the wedding dress
http://www.mnhs.org/preserve/conservation/reports/wedding_dress.pdf


7. Padded hanger
http://www.mnhs.org/preserve/conservation/reports/paddedhanger.pdf

8. Textile mounting
http://www.mnhs.org/preserve/conservation/reports/textilemounting.pdf

9. http://www.mnhs.org/about/publications/techtalk/TechTalkSeptember1997.pdf

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